What term is used to describe deposits of water-soluble salts on masonry walls?

The term "efflorescence" specifically refers to the formation of deposits of water-soluble salts on masonry surfaces, resulting from water evaporating from the surface and leaving behind these salts. This process typically occurs in porous materials, such as brick, stone, or concrete, when moisture is present. When water moves through the masonry, it can dissolve salts found within the material or from the surrounding soil. As the water evaporates, it causes the salts to crystallize on the surface, creating a white, powdery appearance. Therefore, efflorescence is a common issue in masonry construction and signifies moisture movement, which can indicate underlying problems regarding water intrusion or inadequate drainage. Understanding this process is crucial for anyone working with masonry, as it can affect both the aesthetic and structural integrity of the walls.