What is a common ingredient in concrete or mortar that is a mixture of burned clay and limestone?

Portland cement is a vital component in the production of concrete and mortar. It is created by heating a mixture of limestone and clay to high temperatures, resulting in a substance that has binding properties when combined with water. This makes it an essential ingredient in construction as it provides the strength needed for structural applications. When mixed with water, sand, and aggregate, Portland cement forms concrete, which is widely used for various building projects due to its durability and strength.

Understanding this process highlights why Portland cement is considered a common ingredient in both concrete and mortar, as it acts as the primary binder that holds the entire mixture together, resulting in a solid and robust construction material.